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KMID : 0351819860270040399
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Kyunpook University Medical Journal
1986 Volume.27 No. 4 p.399 ~ p.415
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Interhospital Spread and Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Pathogens
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이창
김중명 김재식
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Abstract
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The risk of nosocomial infection in Kyungpook National University Hospital patients was investigated by bacteriologic and retrospective studies from January to December, 1985.
Of the 9,116 patients screened by bed-side examination, 439(4.8%) were found to be have active nosocomial inections. The incidence of nosocomial infections by clinical types was found to be highest in urinary tract (41.6%), followed by wound of 37.6% and pneumonia of 14.2%. The least frequently encountered was sepsis of 6.2%.
Certain operations and urinary catheterizations, underlying diseases such as malignancy, diabetews mellitus, chronic renal failure and burn, and categories of sex and age were found to be risk factors for nosocomial infection.
When nosocomial infection was classified by hospital services, the infection was more common in surgical services than in medical measures. Of the srugical services, it was most frequently encountered in the orthopedic surgery.
A total of 549 strains of nosocomial pathogens were isolated. The most frequently encountered strain was Pseudomonas species 18.9%, followed by E. coli 13.3%, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 13.3%, Staphylococcus aureus 9.1%, Enterobacter species 7.8%, Serratia marcescens 7.5%, and Enterococci 7.1%, respeceively.
The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolates of nosocomial pathogens showed multi-drug resistance. Almost all of gram-negative bacilli were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin and chloramphenicol. Of which, some isolates of Pseudomons species, E. coli and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus were resistant to both aminoglycosides and ce[phalosporins.
The isolates of gram-positive cocci were resistant to penicillin G, moxalactam, amikacin, erythromycin, clindamycin and lincomycin. The isolation rate for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 60%, amikacin resistant 54%, and β-lactam and aminoglycoside resistant 48%, respectively.
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KEYWORD
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Nosocomial infection , Nosocomial pathogens , Antibiotic sensitivity
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